Breastfeeding,
why...
Tryggvadottir
L, Tulinius H, Eyfjord JE, Sigurvinsson T. Breastfeeding
and reduced risk of breast cancer in an Icelandic cohort
study. Am J Epidemiol 2001;154:37-42
This case-control
study used data from an Icelandic cohort of 80,219 women
visiting a cancer clinic that offered population-based
cervical and breast cancer screening in the years 1979-1995.
The 993 parous cases of breast cancer
were aged 26-90 years at diagnosis, and when giving information
on several potential risk factors for breast cancer were
individually matched with 9,729 parous healthy controls
on birth year, vital status at case diagnosis and age.
Confining the analysis to the 84 cases who were less than
40 years at diagnosis, a protective association was evident
between total duration of breastfeeding and breast cancer,
with a reduction of about 23% in risk per 6 months' increase
in duration of breastfeeding, whereas for the remaining
women a much weaker trend was observed. Breastfeeding
was associated with about 67% reduction in risk for women
diagnosed at all ages.
Zheng
T, Holford TR, Mayne ST, Owens PH, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Boyle
P, Zahm SH. Lactation and breast cancer risk: a case-control
study in Connecticut. Br J Cancer 2001;84:1472-6
In a case-control
study of breast cancer conducted in Connecticut, USA,
between 1994 and 1998, 608 incident breast cancer cases
and 609 age-matched controls aged 30-80 years were included.
Parous women who reported ever lactation had a borderline
significantly reduced risk of about 17%. Almost 50% reduction
of risk was observed in those having breastfed more than
3 children compared to those who never lactated. Women
having breastfed their first child for more than 13 months
had also a risk reduced by about 50% compared to those
who never breastfed. Further stratification by menopausal
status showed a risk reduction related to lactation for
both pre- and postmenopausal women, though the relationship
was less consistent for the latter.
Wang
B, Miller JB, Sun Y, Ahmad Z, McVeagh P, Petocz P. A
longitudinal study of salivary sialic acid in preterm
infants: Comparison of human milk-fed versus formula-fed
infants. J Pediatr 2001;138:914-6
The saliva
of preterm infants fed human milk contains twice the level
of sialic acid as that in infants fed commercial formulas.
The higher sialic acid level suggests greater viscosity
and enhanced protection against infection of the mucosal
surfaces in breastfed infants.
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