WHA79: Contaminated Commercial Formula – the need for a global response
Update 19 May, 2026
#WHA79 – 79th World Health Assembly – Geneva, Switzerland, 18-23 May 2026.
Infant formula contamination crisis · Since November 2025 · Source: IBFAN / ibfan.org
+ See the full list of affected countries
Unprecedented global recall of formula
Contamination with the toxin cereulide has triggered a widespread formula recall affecting Nestlé, Danone, Lactalis and other manufacturers.
130 countries are affected. The recalls cover infant, follow-on, pre-term and specialised formulas.
Last year formula produced by US company ByHeart was contaminated by Clostridium botulinum. 48 infants were reported hospitalized with life-threatening botulism.
This is not an isolated incident. It is a systemic failure.
THE INDUSTRY'S RESPONSE?
Companies have blamed external suppliers, claimed no “proven causal link”, and have described recalls as “voluntary” and taken “out of an abundance of caution.”
Meanwhile, the legal reckoning has begun:
- Criminal investigations and complaints in France into infant deaths, delayed recalls and lack of transparency.
- Police investigations in the Czech Republic for endangering health through harmful food.
- Civil claims for damages in Northern Ireland (United Kingdom).
GUIDELINES HAVE NOT KEPT PACE
WHO and Codex guidance on manufacturing safe preparation of formula (2007, 2008) are inadequate. They do not address the emerging risks associated with new processing technologies and the ingredients that may be contaminated by spore-forming pathogens and bacterial toxins.
A FOOD SYSTEM BUILT ON FRAGILITY
This crisis exposes the dangers of food systems that are dependent on a handful of corporations. In this case, a single ingredient was reportedly sourced from a single supplier and then distributed globally.
Cross-border online promotion has increased dependency on commercial products beyond actual need, allowing products to circulate in countries where they may not be registered and are difficult to trace.
WHA Resolution 78.18 recommends that member states prevent cross-border promotion.
BABIES AND FAMILIES FACE THE GREATEST RISK
In a world where the feeding of babies has become the object of commerce and trade, the consequences of system failures fall hardest on the most vulnerable. Contaminations and recalls trigger widespread fear and anxiety in families around the world.
Families in the Global South and in emergency contexts face the most severe risks — where testing, detection, treatment and access to safe alternatives may be severely limited. These are the families most often forgotten.
URGENT ACTION NEEDED
In December 2025, Codex agreed to update its guidance and WHO and FAO began updating theirs. In February 2026, EFSA published an urgent scientific risk assessment and defined a threshold for cereulide. The EU implemented emergency measures governing imports into the EU.
This is a start, but Codex processes take years. Urgent action is needed now.
Globalised, industrialised formula production – concentrated in the hands of a few corporations and dependent on opaque supply chains – demands far greater oversight, transparency, inspection and enforcement than it currently receives.
What is needed is a twin political commitment: the will to genuinely support and enable families to breastfeed – removing the barriers, and ending the aggressive commercial promotion that undermines it.
For those who use formula, the will to make that product as safe as it can be.
Despite unprecedented cuts to its budget and staffing, WHO has demonstrated its willingness to tackle this global health challenge.
Member States must now match that commitment.
CALLS TO ACTION
Independent Oversight: Mandatory inspections of manufacturing; findings made public; enforceable sanctions; whistle-blowers protected.
Effective Communication: Timely, accurate information to health workers, parents and carers. Monitoring systems with publicly available results.
Full Accountability: Dedicated resourcing for low-income and emergency-affected populations. Investigate and sanction companies who delay recalls, withhold information and mislead consumers, across borders.
Enforce WHA Resolution 78.18 on digital marketing of breastmilk substitutes to close digital loopholes.
Invest in Breastfeeding Support including enforcing workplace protections.
Below, see the record of IBFAN’s participation at the 79th World Health Assembly, with updates added throughout the event.
IBFAN will be present once again at the 79th World Health Assembly to cover agenda items that impact on child health. At the end of the week, on Friday, 22nd May, IBFAN, ILCA, Burundi, Panama and Ecuador will be holding a Side Event to address the contamination crisis.
SIDE EVENT
Contaminated Commercial Formula
– the need for a global response
- Friday, May 22, 2026
- 13:00 - 14:20
- WHO Headquarters, Garden Room T
- prundall@babymilkaction.org
- Registration: Side Event
Over the years misleading marketing and intrinsic contamination of commercial formula – a child’s first taste of ultra-processed products – has led to infant fatalities, factory closures, interrupted supplies and distress to families. The detection of a new type of spore-forming contamination since November 2025 has led to ongoing recalls from over 130 countries, judicial inquiries into infant deaths in France and legal challenges about delays, lack of transparency, fraud and manslaughter.
As global networks, IBFAN and ILCA will focus on the impact this crisis has on all families, especially those in the Global South and in emergency contexts where testing, detection, treatment and safe alternatives may be limited. Families that are often forgotten.
The event will call on Member States to work towards a more resilient first-food systems, with mandatory independent oversight of manufacturing facilities, with health care systems that warn, monitor and document health problems during outbreaks. Full implementation of WHO recommendations and resolutions are essential safeguards for all babies – those who are breastfed and those who are fed formulas.
The online promotion formula (forbidden by WHA78.18) creates dependence on commercial products beyond the actual need. Cross border sales exacerbate the inherent safety risks of formula use, allowing products to enter countries where they may not be registered and are difficult to track. Meanwhile, the baby food industry has passed blame to external suppliers, claimed there is no causal link with their products and that they are acting “out of an abundance of caution.”
This food crisis illustrates the risks of allowing food systems to be dependent on a handful of corporations, with a single global ingredient, sourced from one supplier, causing immense harm. Alongside speakers from WHO, UNICEF, Parliamentarians and Member States, Yasmine Motarjemi, a food safety expert with a unique experience as head of Food Safety Departments in both WHO and Nestlé, will explain how food systems and food culture needs to change and why whistleblowers need to be heard and protected.
Important links
WHA 79
Side Event
SIDE EVENT 79th WHA
IBFAN, ILCA, Burundi, Panama and Ecuador
Contaminated Commercial Formula – the need for a global response
- Friday, May 22, 2026
- 13:00 - 14:20
- WHO Headquarters, Garden Room T
- prundall@babymilkaction.org
- Registration: Side Event
FIND YOUR NATIONAL LAW on IBFAN’s Website
Highlights from the Opening Ceremony
MAY 19, 2025

Read More: IBFAN Statement on GAZA and all children
IBFAN Statements
IBFAN is making the following statements at this year’s Assembly:

Check below the statements from IBFAN during WHA78:
Item 17.3 - Health conditions in the occupied Palestinian territory, including east Jerusalem
Marcos Arana – IBFAN
IBFAN is convinced that the only vaccine to prevent more deaths in Gaza is to put an end to the impunity of Israel Dr. Tedros Gebreyesus said this week that attacks on hospitals and health workers are now the ‘new normal.’ IBFAN calls for a Resolution in this Assembly to raise this issue in the UN General Assembly and the Security Council, demanding immediate action to stop these attacks in accordance with the UN Charter and condemning the restriction of water, food and medicine to inflict collective punishment. The protection of the life of mothers and children is a must in any conflict. The denigrating and dangerous current conditions imposed on the people of Gaza also deprives babies of breastfeeding as a lifeline, increasing the already high toll of deaths caused by the bombs and with disastrous long term consequences for survivors.
Items 12 and 13.1 - Prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases
Patti Rundall
An over-arching principle of the first UN Political Declaration and many WHO guides and Tools, has been the prevention and avoidance of commercial interference in public health policy development. However, despite the many references to ‘Multi Stakeholder engagement’ Conflicts of Interest safeguards are strangely missing from the report. With the pressure to prioritise economic growth over human and planetary health, Member States face a difficult challenge and must take care to ensure all interactions with private sector entities are transparent, follow independent evidence of risk and are grounded in human rights. If not, IBFAN fears that national NCD actions will be delayed and even derailed. WHO and Member States must also pay attention to Codex and ensure trade policies follow WHO recommendations, especially in relation to baby foods.
With information from Baby Milk Action













